Julian Pine

Professor

A bit about Julian Pine

I am a Professor in the Department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Liverpool. My research focuses on how children learn grammar and morphology in different languages, and on using computer models to understand how differences in the pattern of errors shown by children learning different languages are related to the characteristics of the language that they are learning. 

My Role in LuCiD

I am the Director for phase 2 of LuCiD. I oversee the Beyond 0-5: From oral language to literacy research stream and lead a work package on modelling the cross-linguistic pattern of verb-marking deficits in children with DLD.

I was the Deputy Director for phase 1 of LuCiD. I oversaw research under the Knowledge Theme. I led on a project looking at distributional learning and the development of word class categories in English, German and Dutch and supervised Charleen List's LuCiD-funded PhD on verb-marking errors in English- and German-speaking children with Developmental Language Disorder.

LuCiD publications (71) by Julian Pine

Sawyer, H., Bannard, C. & Pine, J. M. (2024). Toddlers’ verb-marking errors are predicted by the relative frequency of uninflected sequences in well-formed child-directed speech: A pre-registered corpus analysis. Language Learning.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. & Bannard, C., (2023). Simulating children’s verb inflection errors in English using an LSTM language model. Proceedings of the 45th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2602-2608).

Monaghan, P., Donnelly, S., Alcock, K., Bidgood, A., Cain, K., Durrant, S., Frost, R. L. A., Jago, L., Peter, M. S., Pine, J. M., Turnbull, H., & Rowland, C. F. (2023). Learning to generalise but not segment an artificial language at 17 months predicts children’s language skills 3 years later. Cognitive Psychology

Jago, L., Alcock, K., Meints, K., Pine, J., and Rowland, C. (2023). Language outcomes from the UK-CDI Project: can risk factors, vocabulary skills and gesture scores in infancy predict later language disorders or concern for language development? Frontiers in Psychology

Lee, C., Jessop, A., Bidgood, A., Peter, M., Pine, J., Rowland, C. & Durrant, S. (2023). How executive functioning, sentence processing, and vocabulary are related at 3 years of age Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

Freudenthal, D., Gobet, F. & Pine, J. M. (2023). MOSAIC+: a cross-linguistic model of verb-marking error in typically developing children and children with Developmental Language Disorder Language Learning

Pine, J. M., Freudenthal, D. & Gobet, F. (2023). Building a unified model of the Optional Infinitive Stage: Simulating the cross-linguistic pattern of verb-marking error in typically developing children and children with Developmental Language Disorder. Journal of Child Language.1-17.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M. & Bannard, C. (2022). Modelling Children’s Sentence Recall using an Encoder-Decoder Network. J. Culbertson, A. Perfors, H. Rabagliati & V. Ramenzoni (Eds.) Proceedings of the 44th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2576-2582). Toronto, ON: Cognitive Science Society.

Tatsumi, T., Chang, F. & Pine, J. M. (2021). Exploring the acquisition of verb inflections in Japanese: A probabilistic analysis of seven adult-child corpora. First Language. 41(1), 41-66.

Bidgood, A., Pine, J., Rowland, C., Sala, G., Freudenthal, D. & Ambridge, B. (2021). Verb argument structure overgeneralisations for the English intransitive and transitive constructions: Grammaticality judgments and production priming. Language and Cognition Language and Cognition 13, 397–437.

Freudenthal, D., Ramscar, M., Leonard, L. B. & Pine, J. M. (2021). Simulating the acquisition of verb inflection in typically developing children and children with Developmental Language Disorder in English and Spanish. Cognitive Science, 45(3), e12945.

Pine, J. M., Freudenthal, D. & Gobet, F. (2020). Understanding the cross-linguistic pattern of verb-marking error in typically developing children and children with Developmental Language Disorder: Why the input matters. In C. F. Rowland, B. Ambridge, A. L. Theakston & K. E. Twomey (Eds.), Current perspectives on child language acquisition: How children use their environment to learn. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Fazekas, J., Jessop, A., Pine, J. M. & Rowland, C. F. (2020). Do children learn from their prediction mistakes? A registered report evaluating error-based theories of language acquisition Royal Society Open Science, 7(11), 180877.

Durrant, S., Jessop, A., Chang, F., Bidgood, A., Peter, M. S., Pine, J. M. & Rowland, C. F. (2021). Does the understanding of complex dynamic events at 10 months predict vocabulary development? Language and Cognition 13, 66–98.

Bidgood, A., Pine, J. M., Rowland, C. F. & Ambridge, B. (2020). Syntactic Representations Are Both Abstract and Semantically Constrained: Evidence From Children’s and Adults’ Comprehension and Production/Priming of the English Passive Cognitive Science, 44(9), e12892.

Samanta, S., Bannard, C., Pine, J. & The Language05 Team (2020). Can automated gesture recognition support the study of child language development? In Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Toronto, ON: Cognitive Science Society.

Frost, R. L. A., Jessop, A., Durrant, S., Peter, M., Bidgood, A. Pine, J., Rowland, C. & Monaghan, P. (2020). Non-adjacent dependency learning in infancy, and its link to language development. Cognitive Psychology, 120, 101291.

Peter, M. S., Durrant, S., Jessop, A., Bidgood, A., Pine, J. M. & Rowland, C. F. (2019). Does speed of processing or vocabulary size predict later language growth in toddlers? Cognitive Psychology, 115, 101238.

Noble, C., Sala, G., Peter, M., Lingwood, J., Rowland, C., Gobet, F. & Pine, J. M. (2019). The impact of shared book reading on children’s language skills: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 28, 100290.

Martin, J., Bannard, C. & Pine, J. (2017). A training study to establish the cause of children's 'defaulting errors' in Spanish. Paper presented at the 14th Congress of the International Association for the Study of Child Language (IASCL), Lyon, France.

Bidgood, A., McLaughlin, P., Durrant, S., Peter, M., Pine, J., & Rowland, C. (2018). The relationship between oral-motor skills and 2 years, vocabulary production and later articulation skills. Paper presented at the Child Language Symposium, Reading, UK.

Neumann, C. & Pine, J. M. (2016). Investigating the extended optional infinitive hypothesis in early child German. Paper presented at the 2nd LuCiD Language and Communicative Development Conference, Manchester, United Kingdom.

List, C., Ambridge, B., Lieven, E. v. M., & Pine, J. M. (2018). A comparison study on verb-marking errors from German and English children with Developmental Language Disorder and language-matched controls. Paper presented at the Conference on Developmental Language Disorders, Madrid, Spain.

Peter, M., Bidgood, A., Durrant, S., Pine, J., Rowland, C. (2018). Investigating the relationship between language processing efficiency, vocabulary, and working memory across development. Paper presented at Child Language Symposium, Reading, UK.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Vihman, V., Granlund, S., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A., (2018). How the input shapes the acquisition of inflectional morphology: Modelling across three highly inflected languages. 43rd Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, Boston, MA.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Vihman, V., Granlund, S., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A., Lieven, E. (2018). How the input shapes the acquisition of inflectional morphology: Computational modelling across three highly inflected languages. In Proceedings of the 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing, Berlin, Germany.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Vihman, V., Granlund, S., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A., Lieven, E. (2018). How the input shapes the acquisition of verb and noun morphology: neural network modelling across three highly inflected languages. Paper presented at Learning Language in Humans and in Machines (L2HM) Workshop Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., & Gobet, F. (2019). Learning cross-linguistic word classes through developmental distributional analysis. In A. Goel, C. Seifert & C. Freska (Eds.), Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp.1773-1779). Montreal, QB: Cognitive Science Society.

Kołak, J., Granlund, S., Vihman, V., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2018). Acquisition of noun inflection in three languages: The role of input frequency and linguistic complexity. Poster presented at the Budapest CEU Conference on Cognitive Development, Budapest, Hungary.

List, C., Lieven, E., Ambridge, B. & Pine, J. M., (2017). Testing two different models of verb-marking error in children with Developmental Language Disorder and language-matched controls. (1) Poster presented at the Many Paths to Language (MPaL) workshop, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

List, C., Ambridge, B., Lieven, E. & Pine, J. M. (2017). Testing two different models of verb-marking error in children with Developmental Language Disorder and language-matched controls. Paper presented at the 3rd annual LuCiD conference, Lancaster, UK.

Jones, G., Gobet, F., Freudenthal, D., Watson, S. E. & Pine, J. M. (2014). Why computational models are better than verbal theories: the case of nonword repetition. Developmental Science, 17(2) 298-310.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J.M. & Gobet, F. (2017). Cross-linguistic learning of word classes from distributional information. Paper presented at the Third LuCiD Language and Communication Development Conference, Lancaster, UK.

Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Vihman, V., Engelmann, F., Lieven, E., Pine, J., Theakston, A., & Ambridge, B. (2019). Language-general and language-specific phenomena in the acquisition of inflectional noun morphology: A cross-linguistic elicited-production study of Polish, Finnish and Estonian. Journal of Memory and Language, 107, 169-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.04.004

Engelmann, F., Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Szreder, M., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A., and Lieven, E. (2019). How the input shapes the acquisition of verb morphology: Elicited production and computational modelling in two highly inflected languages. Cognitive Pscyhology, 110, 30-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2019.02.001

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., & Gobet, F. (2018). A computational model of the acquisition of German case. In T. T. Rogers, M. Rau, X. Zhu, & C. W. Kalish (Eds.), Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1687-1692). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

Matthews, D., McGillion, M., Pine, J.M., & Herbert, J.S. (2017). The social gradient in early language development: An RCT to test the role of contingent talk. Paper presented at the 14th Congress of the International Association for the Study of Child Language (IASCL), Lyon, France.

Matthews, D., McGillion, M., Pine, J. M., & Herbert, J. S. (2017). An RCT to test the effect of promoting caregiver contingent talk on language development in infants from diverse SES backgrounds. Paper presented at the RCTs in the Social Sciences Conference,York, UK.

Bidgood, A., Kirk, E., Durrant, S., Peter, M., Pine, J. & Rowland, C. (2018). Baby sign, mind-mindedness and language development. (1) Poster presented at The 3rd Lancaster Conference on Infant and Early Child Development (LCICD), Lancaster, UK.

Bidgood, A., Kirk, E., Durrant, S., Peter, M., Pine, J. & Rowland, C. (2018). Baby sign, mind-mindedness and language development. Poster presented at the 8th International Society for Gesture Studies Conference, Cape Town, South Africa.

Tatsumi, T., Ambridge, B. & Pine, J. M. (2018). Testing an input-based account of children’s errors with inflectional morphology: An elicited production study of Japanese. Journal of Child Language, 45(5), 1144-1173.

Engelmann, F., Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). Cross-linguistic acquisition of complex verb inflection in a neural network model. (1) Paper presented at The 3rd LuCiD Language and Communicative Development Conference, Lancaster, UK.

Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Szreder, M., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). Predicting errors in children’s production of verb morphology: evidence from person/number marking in Finnish and Polish. (1) Paper presented at The 3rd LuCiD Language and Communicative Development Conference, Lancaster, UK.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Szreder, M., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). The acquisition of verb inflection in a connectionist model. Paper presented at the 14th Congress of the International Association for the Study of Child Language (IASCL), Lyon, France.

Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Szreder, M., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). Predicting errors in children’s production of verb morphology: evidence from person/number marking in Finnish and Polish. Paper presented at the 14th Congress of the International Association for the Study of Child Language (IASCL), Lyon, France.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). The acquisition of complex verb morphology in Finnish and Polish: model and experiment. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, London, UK.

Engelmann, F., Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E (2017). Cross-linguistic acquisition of complex verb inflection in a connectionist model. Poster presented at Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (AMLaP), Lancaster, UK.

Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Vihman, V., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). Acquisition of noun case marking in morphologically complex languages. Poster presented at Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (AMLaP), Lancaster, UK.

Engelmann, F., Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Szreder, M., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). The acquisition of Polish and Finnish verb inflection in a connectionist model. Paper presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of Societas Linguistica Europaea (SLE), Zurich, Switzerland.

Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Vihman, V., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). An experimental study on the acquisition of noun case marking in Estonian, Finnish and Polish. Paper presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of Societas Linguistica Europaea (SLE), Zurich, Switzerland.

Engelmann, F., Granlund, S., Kolak, J., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). Cross-linguistic acquisition of complex verb inflection in a neural network model. Paper presented at the Many Paths to Language (MPaL) workshop, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Vihman, V., Engelmann, F., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A. & Lieven, E. (2017). An experimental study on the acquisition of nominal case marking in Estonian, Finnish and Polish. Poster presented at the Many Paths to Language (MPaL) workshop, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Abbot-Smith, K., Chang, F., Rowland, C., Ferguson, H. & Pine, J. (2017). Do two and three year old children use an incremental first-NP-as-agent bias to process active transitive and passive sentences? A permutation analysis. PLoS ONE 12 (10): e0186129

Savičiūtė, E., Ambridge, B. & Pine, J. M. (2018). The roles of word-form frequency and phonological neighbourhood density in the acquisition of Lithuanian noun morphology: An elicitation study of familiar and novel Lithuanian nouns. Journal of Child Language, 45(3), 641-672.

Tatsumi, T., Ambridge, B. & Pine, J. M. (2018). Disentangling effects of input frequency and morphophonological complexity on children's acquisition of verb inflection: An elicited production study of Japanese. Cognitive Science 42, 555-577

McGillion, M., Pine, J., Herbert, J., & Matthews, D. (2017). A randomised controlled trial to test the effect of promoting caregiver contingent talk on language development in infants from diverse socioeconomic status backgrounds. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(10), 1122-1131.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M. & Gobet, F. (2016). Incorporating defaulting effects into MOSAIC: Building a two-factor model of the Optional Infinitive stage. Paper presented at the the 2nd LuCiD Language and Communicative Development Conference, Manchester, UK.

Engelmann, F., Szreder, M., Kolak, J., Granlund, S., Ambridge, B., Pine, J., Theakston, A., & Lieven, E. (2016). Modelling the acquisition of Polish verb inflection. Paper presented at the the 2nd LuCiD Language and Communicative Development Conference, Manchester, UK.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., Jones, G. & Gobet, F. (2016). Developmentally plausible learning of word categories from distributional statistics. In A. Papafragou, D. Grodner, D. Mirman, & J. C. Trueswell, (Eds.), Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 674-679). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., Jones, G. & Gobet, F. (2016). Simulating developmental changes in noun richness through performance-limited distributional analysis. In A. Papafragou, D. Grodner, D. Mirman, & J. C. Trueswell, (Eds.), Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 602-607). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

Räsänen, S. H. M., Ambridge, B. & Pine, J. M. (2016). Comparing generativist and constructivist accounts of the acquisition of inflectional morphology: An elicited production study of Finnish. Cognitive Science, 40(7), 1704-1738

McGillion, M., Herbert, J. S., Pine, J. M., Vihman, M. DePaolis, R., Keren-Portnoy T. & Matthews, D. (2017). What paves the way to conventional language? The predictive value of babble, pointing and SES. Child Development, 88 (1), 156-166.

Pine, J. (2015). My mistake. Nursery World Magazine, 16 November, 21-24.

Tatsumi, T. & Pine, J. M. (2016). Comparing generativist and constructivist accounts of the use of the past tense form in early child Japanese. Journal of Child Language, 43, 1365-1384.

Ambridge, B., Pine, J. M., & Lieven, E. V. M. (2015). Explanatory adequacy is not enough: Response to commentators on 'Child language acquisition: Why universal grammar doesn't help. Language: Perspectives, 91(3): E116-126

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., Jones, G. & Gobet, F. (2015). Defaulting effects contribute to the simulation of cross-linguistic differences in Optional Infinitive errors. In D. C. Noelle, R. Dale, A. S. Warlaumont, J. Yoshimi, T. Matlock, C. D. Jennings & P. P. Maglio (Eds.), Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 746-751). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

Ambridge, B., Bidgood, A., Pine, J. M., Rowland, C. F. & Freudenthal, D. (2016). Is passive syntax semantically constrained? Evidence from adult grammaticality judgment and comprehension studies. Cognitive Science, 40(6): 1435-59.

Freudenthal, D., Pine, J. M., Jones, G. & Gobet, F. (2015). Simulating the cross-linguistic pattern of Optional Infinitive errors in children's declaratives and Wh- questions. Cognition, 143, 61-76.

Ambridge, B., Bidgood, A., Twomey, K. E., Pine, J. M., Rowland, C. F. & Freudenthal, D. (2015). Preemption versus Entrenchment: Towards a construction-general solution to the problem of the retreat from verb argument structure overgeneralization. PLoS ONE, 10 (4): e0123723.

Aguado-Orea, J. & Pine, J. M. (2015). Comparing different models of the development of verb inflection in early child Spanish. PLoS ONE 10 (3): e0119613. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119613

Peter, M., Chang, F., Pine, J., Blything, R. and Rowland, C. (2015). When and how do children develop knowledge of verb argument structure? Evidence from verb bias effects in a structural priming task. Journal of Memory and Language, 81, 1-15.

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